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Prince Edward Island handbook · chapter 1 · 45 min read

Your Driver's Licence, Registration and Vehicle Equipment

Chapter 1: Your Driver’s Licence Chapter 1: Class 5 Driver’s Licence C h e c k l i s t

C h a p t e r 1 : Your Driver’s Licence

INTRODUCTION There are a number of things you should know about your Driver’s Licence and you should read this section very carefully so that you will understand them.

You need a valid Driver’s Licence to drive a motor vehicle in Prince Edward Island. It must not be expired, suspended, cancelled or invalidated. Your Driver’s Licence gives you the privilege of driving only as long as you are careful, considerate and obey the traffic laws; otherwise, it will be suspended.

Drivers’ licences are valid only for the operation of the class(es) of the vehicle(s) shown on the licence and are always subject to any restrictions shown on the licence.

WHO MAY APPLY FOR AN INSTRUCTION PERMIT If you are 16 years of age or older, you may apply for an Instruction Permit if your driving privilege is not under suspension. An Instruction Permit will allow you to operate a motor vehicle under supervision to receive instruction. The Instruction Permit is called a Stage 1 or Class 7 licence and is valid for two years from date of issue.

DOCUMENTS REQUIRED Every person applying for a first Instruction Permit, or Driver’s Licence, must produce a birth certificate, passport, or Immigration papers before a Driver’s Licence or Instruction Permit will be issued.

If your previous address was outside of Canada, you must show your Canadian Immigration Identification Record of Entry form when you apply. The PEI Association for Newcomers to Canada can assist you with the translation of your home country’s Driver’s Licence. There may be a fee for this service. In addition, Acceptable Residency/Address Information is required. Two pieces of the following must be shown:

INSTRUCTION PERMIT (CLASS 7)

years of age, you may apply for an Instruction Permit. To get this permit you must: Chapter 1: Your Driver’s L i c e n c e

C h a p t e r 1 : Your Driver’s Licence

• complete a vision test conducted by Highway Safety Staff; and • pay Permit Fee. Driver education schools conduct the Instruction Permit (Class 7) tests as well as the Driver’s Licence (Class 5) road tests.

GRADUATED DRIVER LICENSING RESTRICTIONS: Congratulations! You now have your Instruction Permit (Class 7, Stage 1) and have become part of the Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) Program. The following restrictions apply:

individuals who have an Instruction Permit (Class 7) and are 21 years old or older. • Any violation that results in demerit points will result in the suspension of the Instruction Permit (Class 7). • Any conviction you receive for failure to wear a seat belt while you are in the GDL Program will result in the suspension of your driver’s licence. The first offence will result in a suspension of 30 days and second offence will result in a suspension of 90 days. In addition, while you are in the GDL Program, and any passenger fails to wear a seat belt, you may be issued a fine. • The use of handheld communication devices such as cell phones and MP3 players is prohibited for an individual who is in the Graduated Driver Licensing Program. • You must fulfill the requirements of the Novice Driver Course. FARM TRACTOR PERMIT If you are14 years old, you may be licensed to drive a farm tractor on the highway under the supervision of a licensed operator with four years experience.

DRIVER EDUCATION LICENSING CERTIFICATION PROGRAM If you are a student enrolled in a Driver Education Course, you will write your Instruction Permit (Class 7) examination at the driving school. After completion of the Driver Education Program, the driving school will also conduct the road test to certify you for a Class 5 Driver’s Licence unless randomly selected to be evaluated by Highway Safety.

The Province monitors the Driver Education Licensing Certification Program. You may be required to have a second road test during your newly licensed driver probationary period. There is no fee for this evaluation C h a p t e r 1 : Your Driver’s Licence

and it will be conducted by a Highway Safety examiner. been certified by your driver education instructor. You will be issued an Instruction Permit valid for two years.

STUDENTS ENROLLED IN A DRIVER EDUCATION COURSE If you are a beginning driver enrolled in a licensed Driver Education Program, to receive your Instruction Permit (Class 7) you need to:

Chapter 1: What the Tests Are All About

• When you successfully complete the road test by the driver education school instructor, you must return to the Highway Safety/Access PEI office to get your photo Driver’s Licence.

NOTE: The Instruction Permit (Class 7) is not a Class 5 Driver’s Licence. It remains an Instruction Permit until a photo driver licence has been issued. You must get your Class 5 photo licence within 30 days after you successfully complete the road test. If you do not, you may have to be retested by a Highway Safety examiner and pay the appropriate fees.

These tests are to protect the general public from incapable drivers. They are not designed to keep you off the road but to point out areas where you can improve. The tests represent the minimum requirements for safe and courteous driving practices. Passing the tests does not guarantee that you will never become involved in a collision. As the number of cars on the road increases, the risk of collision increases. There are many traffic signs and controls that you must recognize and obey. Driving makes great demands on drivers. You must be skillful, alert and always practise care, caution and courtesy.

THE KNOWLEDGE TEST You will take a written or oral test which examines your knowledge of traffic laws and safe driving practices. This test includes recognition of standard road signs. All of this information can be found in this handbook.

If you can’t read and understand the written test, you may ask for an oral test. You will be asked about the rules of the road and safe driving practices, recognition of road signs by their shape, and your Chapter 1: What the Tests Are All About

ability to read and understand the meaning of the signs. If you do not successfully complete the written or oral test, you may make an appointment and take another test at a later date.

THE VISION TEST You must meet certain vision standards. If you cannot meet these standards, you may be referred to an eye specialist (ophthalmologist or optometrist) to have the findings checked. If you cannot meet the vision standards without the aid of corrective lenses (glasses or contact lenses), you must obtain and wear corrective lenses while driving. Your Instruction Permit and Driver’s Licence will contain a condition allowing you to drive a motor vehicle only while wearing corrective lenses. You will also be given:

If your field of vision is very narrow, you may be refused a licence until the defect is corrected. In some cases you may get a licence if your vehicle is equipped with mirrors which give the driver a clear view to the rear and both sides. In this case your licence will restrict you to driving with this kind of equipment at all times. If you cannot meet the minimum vision standard, even with glasses, you will be refused a licence.

Chapter 1: What the Tests Are All About

THE NOVICE DRIVER COURSE If you have an Instruction Permit (Class 7), you must complete the Novice Driver Course before you are eligible for a road test. This material is covered in the classroom component of the Driver Education Program. It is the beginning of the most important stage of your driving experience - learning how to operate a motor vehicle properly and safely.

The Novice Driver Course explains:

The course lasts about five hours and is usually taught in two separate sessions. You must register in advance. Bring your Instruction Permit to the first class. To inquire about a course location and to register, call a Highway Safety/Access PEI office near you.

THE ROAD TEST You must provide the vehicle for your road test, and you must be accompanied by a licensed driver. Motor vehicles used for the driving test will be checked before your test for:

Chapter 1: What the Tests Are All About

A driving test will not be given in any vehicle which is unsafe or does not meet equipment requirements. All vehicles for road tests must be covered by public liability insurance. Proof of insurance, in the form of a pink insurance card, must be produced before the road test. A valid copy of the vehicle registration is also required.

THE PURPOSES OF THE ROAD TEST ARE:

The road test is a sample of your ability to perform certain maneuvres properly and safely, you will be checked on:

The examiner will analyse your driving and make suggestions about ways to improve your driving skills. Please cooperate with the examiner as he or she is trying to assist you in obtaining a Driver’s Licence.

NOTE: Drivers must comply with all conditions on their Driver’s Licence. Failure to do so is an offence under the Highway Traffic Act.

The growth in the number and variety of motor Chapter 1: Classified Licences

vehicles requires frequent updating of the qualifications of drivers. Under the Classified Licence System, drivers are licensed for the class or classes of vehicles for which they are qualified to operate. Drivers must meet vision, physical fitness, knowledge and skill standards for the particular class or classes of vehicles they wish to operate.

Drivers who are learning to operate vehicles in Classes 5, 6 and 9 must obtain an Instruction Permit (Class 7).

Drivers applying to learn to operate vehicles in Classes 1, 2, 3 or 4 must have a valid Class 5 Driver’s Licence for a minimum of two years as an Instruction Permit for the class of vehicle for which they wish to take instruction. They must be accompanied by a licensed driver who has held a valid class of licence for at least four years for the vehicle in which instruction is being given.

Chapter 1: Classified Licences

NOTE: All Driver’s Licences expire at midnight on the birthday of the licensed driver. NOTE: Instruction Permits (Class 7) are valid for two years from the date of issue.

ALLOWING SOMEONE TO DRIVE YOUR VEHICLE Make sure anyone who drives your vehicle holds a valid Driver’s Licence or Instruction Permit (in which case, he or she is accompanied by a licensed driver who has held a valid Driver’s Licence for at least four years).

MOTORCYCLE OPERATORS’ LICENCES To qualify for a Motorcycle Operator’s Licence a motorcycle operator must successfully complete a knowledge test, a vision test and a road test on a motorcycle. The procedures for obtaining a Motorcycle Operator’s Licence are very similar to those for obtaining a Class 5 Driver’s Licence. The holder of an Instruction Permit who takes a road test on a motorcycle but not in a car, will be issued a licence specifying motorcycle operation only. During the 356 days after receiving an Instruction Permit to practise driving a motorcycle, a small, yellow learner’s decal will be reqired to be placed on the back of the motorcycle operator’s helmet.

Drivers who hold a valid Class 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 licence may apply for a Motorcycle Instruction Permit. This permit has the following conditions:

CHANGE OF NAME OR ADDRESS If you change your name by marriage or other legal process, you must have your licence endorsed with a change of name or address within 10 days from the effective date of the change. There is no charge for this service.

Change of an address must be reported to the registrar of motor vehicles within 30 days from the effective day of the change. Failure to notify the registrar of a change of name or address is an offence under the Highway Traffic Act.

Change of name or address may be reported to any of the Highway Safety/Access PEI offices.

LOST, DESTROYED OR ILLEGIBLE LICENCES If you lose or misplace your Driver’s Licence or if it becomes illegible, you must apply for a duplicate licence. There is a fee for this service. Bring the number of the licence to be replaced and the date that licence was issued. If you don’t have this information, bring your birth certificate with you. Chapter 1: Classified Licences

Duplicate licences may be applied for at any Highway Safety/Access PEI office.

OUT-OF-PROVINCE DRIVERS’ LICENCES If you are 16 years or older and you hold a valid Driver’s Licence from another province, state, territory or country, you may drive in PEI for up to 120 days if you have not been prohibited from driving under the laws of any province, state, territory or country. You are subject to any limitations or restrictions on the licence. You may only drive a vehicle of the class for which you are authorized to drive under the licence held.

Seasonal workers (as defined in Highway Safety Act Section 80(3) ) to drive vehicles in PEI require a Class 5 driver’s license and may drive for a period of 8 months if they have in their possession a valid Foreign Driver’s License that does allow for the operation of vehicles that would require a Class 5 in PEI and an International Driving Permit (IDP)

Chapter 1: Classified Licences

This does not apply if you are attending university or college full-time.

LICENCE EXCHANGE Nova Scotia and New Brunswick:

All other residents:

EXCHANGE OF A CANADIAN INSTRUCTION PERMIT (CLASS 7) • The Instruction Permit (Class 7) must be valid. • You must have residency on PEI. • You must complete a Driver Education Program with proof, i.e., Driver Education Certificate, or a letter from a recognized driving school. • If a Driver Education Program was not completed, you must take the Novice Driver Course. • Waiting periods and required courses may apply prior to taking a road test. • Only valid Instruction Permits from Atlantic Canada are eligible for a straight exchange. • Canadian applicants from jurisdictions outside Atlantic Canada are required to successfully complete a Written Test and a Vision Test in order to exchange a valid Instruction Permit. Fees will apply. • All applicants must surrender Instruction Permits from home jurisdictions. EXPIRED CANADIAN INSTRUCTION PERMITS • Applicants with Instruction Permits expired less than one year may be re-issued for two years without waiting period. Chapter 1: Classified Licences

• Permits expired more than one year but less than three years requires all applicants, regardless of jurisdiction, to successfully complete a Written Test and a Vision test without a waiting period. • Permits expired more than three years requires all applicants to successfully complete a Written Test and a Vision Test, and adhere to the 365-day waiting period. Fees will apply. • Expired Instruction Permits must be surrendered.

RENEWING OR OBTAINING A DRIVER’S LICENCE You may apply for a Driver’s Licence:

Chapter 1: Classified Licences

NOTE: Drivers in the Graduated Driver Licensing Program must exit Stage 3 before they are eligible to obtain a Class 1, 2, 3, or 4 Drivers Licence.

CLASS 1

CLASS 2

CLASS 3

CLASS 4

CLASS 5

CLASS 6

CLASS 7 CLASS 1 CLASS 1 VEHICLES are any combinations of a truck- tractor and trailer, fifth wheel with air brakes, but not a bus carrying passengers.

A CLASS 1 Licence permits the holder to operate all motor vehicles in Classes 1, 3, 5, 8 and 9.

REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 1 Licence: Have successfully completed the GDL Program; minimum age: 19 years; a medical certificate is required; you must meet prescribed vision standards; pass written tests on air brake operation; and pass a road test in a Class 1 vehicle.

CLASS 2 CLASS 2 VEHICLES are buses carrying more than 24 passengers, including school buses.

A CLASS 2 Licence permits the holder to operate all motor vehicles in Classes 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 and 9.

REQUIREMENTS FOR A CLASS 2 Licence: Have successfully completed the GDL Program; minimum age: 19 years (21 years for a school bus) a medical certificate is required; you must meet prescribed vision standards; pass written tests on air brake operation; and pass a road test in a Class 2 vehicle. School bus operators must have held a Class 1, 3, 4 or 5 licence for at least five years preceding application. Chapter 1: Classified Licences

CLASS 3 CLASS 3 VEHICLES are trucks exceeding 14,000 kgs gross mass or any combination of such vehicles; any special mobile equipment; and gooseneck trailers.

A CLASS 3 Licence permits the holder to operate all motor vehicles in Classes 3, 5, 8 and 9.

REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 3 Licence Have successfully completed the GDL Program; minimum age: 19 years; a medical certificate is required; you must meet prescribed vision standards; pass written tests on air brake operation where required; and pass a road test in a Class 3 vehicle, or Class 5 with a gooseneck trailer.

Chapter 1: Classified Licences

CLASS 4 CLASS 4 VEHICLES are any motor vehicles used as ambulance, taxis or buses carrying 24 passengers or less.

A CLASS 4 Licence permits the holder to operate all motor vehicles in Classes 4, 5, 8 and 9.

REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 4 Licence Have successfully completed the GDL Program; minimum age: 19 years; a medical certificate is required; you must meet prescribed vision standards; and pass a road test in a Class 4 vehicle. CLASS 5 CLASS 5 VEHICLES are any motor vehicles not exceeding 14,000 kgs gross mass, and any combination of such vehicles and a towed vehicle not exceeding a gross mass of 4,500 kg, but excluding (a) a motorcycle; or (b) a bus carrying passengers.

A CLASS 5 Licence permits the holder to operate all motor vehicles in Classes 5, 8 and 9.

REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 5 Licence Have successfully completed the GDL Program; minimum age: 17; a medical certificate is required when requested; you must meet prescribed vision standards; pass written or oral tests on basic rules and signs (not required if a holder of a Class 6 or 7 licence); and pass a road test in a Class 5 vehicle.

CLASS 6 are motorcycles.

A CLASS 6 Licence permits the holder to operate all motor vehicles in Classes 6 and 8 only.

Less than 4,500 kgs REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 6 Licence Minimum age: 17 years; a medical certificate is required when requested; you must meet prescribed vision standards; pass written or oral tests on this class of vehicle; pass a road test in a Class 6 vehicle; parental approval if under age 18; and a birth certificate is required (not required if a holder of any other class of licence).

Chapter 1: Classified Licences

CLASS 7 is an instruction permit.

A CLASS 7 Licence permits the holder to operate a motor vehicle in Classes 5, 6, 8 and 9 when accompanied by a licenced driver for that class of vehicle.

REQUIREMENTS FOR A CLASS 7 Licence (Instruction Permit): Minimum age: 16 years; a medical certificate is required when requested; you must meet prescribed vision standards; pass written or oral and sign recognition tests; and parental approval is required if less than 18 years; a birth certificate or passport is required. CLASS 8 CLASS 8 VEHICLES are mopeds (pedal-assisted).

A CLASS 8 Licence permits the holder to operate Class 8 vehicles only.

REQUIREMENTS FOR CLASS 8 Licence Minimum age: 17 years; a medical certificate is required when requested; you must meet prescribed vision standards; pass written or oral and sign recognition tests; pass a road test on a Class 8 vehicle; parental approval is required if less than 18 years; and a birth certificate is required (not required if a holder of any other class of licence).

CLASS 9 CLASS 9 VEHICLES are farm tractors.

A CLASS 9 Licence permits the holder to operate Class 9 vehicles only.

REQUIREMENTS FOR A CLASS 9 Licence Minimum age: 14 years; a medical certificate is required when requested; you must meet prescribed vision standards; pass written or oral and sign recognition tests; and a birth certificate is required and parental approval required if less than 18 years. There is no road test required for this class. Chapter 1: Vehicle Registration

You may not operate, or being the owner, allow another person to operate a motor vehicle on a highway in Prince Edward Island unless: • the motor vehicle is registered; • any trailer drawn by the motor vehicle is registered; • the vehicle and trailer have a licence according to its class; and • the motor vehicle and trailer have the proper number plates, valid inspection stickers or markers which have been issued under the Highway Traffic Act.

IN-TRANSIT PERMITS Permits for single journeys of unregistered unladen vehicles may be issued by the registrar of motor vehicles, for a fee, for such purposes as movement to a registration office for registration of the vehicle or movement of the vehicle from one place to another for repairs or for inspection prior to registration, etc. Chapter 1: Vehicle Registration

Proof of public liability must be shown when making application for in-transit permits.

APPLICATION FOR REGISTRATION To apply for registration, you need:

An application for registration of a vehicle owned by a corporate body should be signed by a signing officer, on behalf of that body.

A Highway Safety official may require that the vehicle be re-examined at your expense to confirm its condition. An inspector may ask you to dismantle and expose any part of the vehicle. NUMBER PLATES Highway Safety issues one number plate only for all vehicles including trailers, motorcycles and mopeds. Validation stickers may be issued to put on the number plate. Make sure the plate is always securely fastened to the vehicle. It must be at least 200 millimetres (12 inches) from the ground measured from the bottom of the plate.

Motorcycle and trailer plates must be clearly visible from the rear.

Keep your number plate clean and in good condition so it is always clearly visible and legible. The vehicle or its equipment or load must not obscure the view of the plate. At night a rear light must shine on the plate.

Do not put a plate or number on your vehicle which could be confused with your proper number plate. A traffic officer may seize the plate if he or she suspects that:

The traffic officer may keep the number plate until the facts about the plate have been determined.

PERSONALIZED PLATES Personalized plates are available and may be used on vehicles normally requiring passenger vehicle or commercial plates. There is an additional fee for these plates.

Applications for personalized plates may be obtained from any Highway Safety/Access PEI office. Chapter 1: Vehicle Registration

PARKING PERMIT FOR THE PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED Hanging passes for the physically challenged are also available for use on vehicles. To obtain a Parking Permit application contact the Council of the Disabled or one of the Access PEI sites. Application forms must be completed by a doctor and returned to the Council of the Disabled. There is Access for the an annual fee for the permit. physically challenged. REGISTRATION PERMIT The registration permit will be kept in the vehicle for which it is issued and the driver of the vehicle will produce the permit whenever a traffic officer or an inspector asks for it.

Chapter 1: Vehicle Registration

MOTORCYCLE REGISTRATION All motorcycles and mopeds operated on public streets and highways must be registered and must display valid licence plates. Motorcycles and mopeds must be covered by public liability insurance in order to be registered.

NOTE: Minibikes are not registered for highway use on Prince Edward Island. They cannot be used on public roads or sidewalks. They MUST be registered for off- highway use according to the Off-Highway Vehicle Act and display an off-highway vehicle plate. OFF-HIGHWAY VEHICLES Off-highway vehicles are important equipment to farmers, wood lot operators, trappers and others whose jobs require travel over rough terrain; however, the vast majority of them are used for recreation – sometimes by people who lack experience with either the vehicle or the environment, or both.

Off-highway vehicles may be fun, but they are not toys. With a capacity for speeds up to 100 kilometres per hour, these machines can be dangerous in the hands of inexperienced operators.

In addition to the risk of injury, off-highway vehicles can do serious environmental damage, destroy crops or harm private property. The restrictions placed on the use of off-highway vehicles are intended to lessen the potential for injury or property damage, without Chapter 1: Vehicle Registration

depriving responsible operators and their families of the benefits and pleasures of using off-highway vehicles.

The following is a list of all vehicles included in the PEI Off-Highway Vehicle Act:

NOTE: Effective February 10, 2007, the following regulations came into effect:

•

•

• recommended by the manufacturer for the age and weight of the operator. No person shall operate an off-highway vehicle in the ditch next to a highway. The owner of the off-highway vehicle is prohibited from permitting a person to operate it, unless the person holds a valid driver’s licence and the person has held a driver’s licence for 24 months; or has successfully completed an off-highway vehicle safety training course approved by the registrar. No person shall operate an off-highway vehicle by crossing a highway unless that person holds a valid driver’s licence and that person has held a driver’s licence for 24 months; or has successfully completed an off-highway vehicle safety training course approved by the registrar. Any person who is less than 14 years of age is prohibited from operating an off-highway vehicle, other than a snowmobile.

Chapter 1: Vehicle Registration

•

•

• No person who is 14 or 15 years of age shall operate an off-highway vehicle, other than a snowmobile, unless that person has successfully completed an off-highway vehicle safety training course approved by the registrar and that person is supervised by an adult who meets certain requirements. If you are16 years of age or older, you must have held a driver’s licence for 24 months; or have successfully completed an ATV safety training course approved by the registrar. The owner of an off-highway vehicle is prohibited from permitting the operation of the off-highway vehicle by a person who is prohibited from operating it.

REGISTRATION OF SNOWMOBILES Registration is required for snowmobiles annually on or before November 30. If a transfer of ownership occurs, the snowmobile must be registered in the new owner’s name within seven days from the date of purchase. All other off-highway vehicles have to be registered only once by the owner and have to be re- registered only if there is a transfer of ownership.

When a snowmobile is registered, a number plate is provided which must be firmly attached to the rear of the machine. If the number plate should become lost or illegible, the owner must purchase a new plate from any office of Highway Safety/Access PEI.

OFF-HIGHWAY VEHICLE REGISTRATION All off-highway vehicles must be registered. You must produce the certificate of registration if any peace officer asks for it.

A peace officer is any police officer, a Highway Safety officer or a park warden. The peace officer will give the vehicle operator reasonable time to produce the certificate of registration. If you do not follow this rule, you may be found guilty of an offence and be fined.

CHANGE OF NAME OR ADDRESS If a motor vehicle’s certificate of registration is issued to you and you later change your name or address, you must notify the Highway Safety office of the change within 30 days.

EXPIRATION OF REGISTRATION All vehicle registrations, including the licence or identification plate, marker and permit expire on the registered owner’s birthday or company’s registration date. Chapter 1: Vehicle Registration

NON-RESIDENT PRIVILEGES If you are a non-resident of Prince Edward Island, you may operate your passenger vehicle which is registered in your province, state, territory or country for your own private use in Prince Edward Island for up to four months in any year without registering the vehicle here.

If you are a non-resident who enters Prince Edward Island with the vehicle to solicit business, you may operate the vehicle in this province for up to 10 days in any year without registering the vehicle.

No commercial motor vehicle owned or operated by or on behalf of a non-resident may be operated in Prince Edward Island unless it is registered here.

Every vehicle owned or operated by a non-resident in this province is subject to all the restrictions and Chapter 1: Vehicle Registration

control which apply to a vehicle registered in the province.

For all other non-Canadian residents, they are permitted to drive in PEI with an immigration visa, a valid passport and a valid foreign driver’s licence. Foreign driver’s licences must be turned in before a PEI driver’s licence is issued. Foreign driver’s licences are valid to drive with for 120 days upon entry into PEI.

TRANSFER OF OWNERSHIP Whenever the owner of a registered vehicle transfers or sells the vehicle the owner must, within seven days of the transfer, notify Highway Safety of the transfer on a Notification of Transfer form (contained on the vehicle registration permit or available from any Highway Safety/Access PEI office). The new owner must within seven days of the transfer have the registration permit transferred into his/her name. The vehicle registration permit, the motor vehicle inspection report form and proof of liability insurance must be presented to the Highway Safety/Access PEI Office, and the required fee paid.

Most registered motor vehicles and trailers must have a yearly safety inspection at an official inspection station. These stations are situated all across the province. An authorized inspection mechanic will conduct a prescribed safety inspection in accordance with Motor Vehicle Inspection Regulations. A motor vehicle inspection approval sticker will be placed in a prescribed area. It must be kept in good condition. You will also receive a motor vehicle inspection report that must be kept in good condition in the vehicle and must be shown to a peace officer on request. Approval stickers issued for the month in which a vehicle was inspected will normally be valid until the end of that month in the following year.

Chapter 1: Motor Vehicle Safety Inspection

You cannot register a vehicle that you have bought unless it has a valid approval sticker. The registrar or any peace officer may order a vehicle to be re- inspected at any time.

When a registered owner takes up residence in Prince Edward Island, a private passenger vehicle inspected in either Nova Scotia or New Brunswick may be registered without local inspection. Its provincial inspection will be considered valid for one year from the date of inspection. Prior to that expiry date, it must have an inspection in Prince Edward Island. Vehicles from all other places must be inspected in Prince Edward Island before being registered here. REJECTED VEHICLES The owner or operator of a rejected vehicle has 10 days from the date of rejection to have the defects corrected and the vehicle re-inspected. This does not permit the operation of an unsafe vehicle during this time.

The Highway Traffic Act requires all equipment on your vehicle which must be maintained in good working order.

Chapter 1: Required Vehicle Equipment

HEAD LAMPS AND REAR LAMPS Every vehicle on the highway must be equipped with front and rear lamps as required for each class of vehicle. These lamps must be lighted during the period from sunset to sunrise, and at any other time when visibility is limited by fog, rain, snow or other atmospheric conditions, or when there is not sufficient light to see a person or a vehicle on the highway 150 metres (500 feet) ahead. At times when lights are required, it is illegal to use parking lights alone.

All vehicles 1990 and newer must be equipped with daytime driving lights. These lights will come on automatically when the vehicle engine is started. TIP: Check all your vehicle lights regularly and keep them clean.

HEAD LAMPS Every motor vehicle other than a motorcycle must be equipped with at least two head lamps at the front and on opposite sides of the vehicle. These lights should produce a colourless driving light that is not glaring or dazzling. The head lamps on a motor vehicle will provide at least two beams, high and low, either of which may be selected by the driver according to the requirements of traffic.

TIP: Have your head lamps checked periodically by a qualified mechanic to ensure they are properly aimed.

NOTE: Aftermarket headlight covers are not permitted. Chapter 1: Required Vehicle Equipment

TAIL LAMPS Every motor vehicle, trailer or semi-trailer that is being towed must have at the rear two lamps which exhibit a red light plainly visible under normal atmospheric conditions at a distance of 150 metres (500 feet) to the rear. A white light illuminating the number plate which enables the plate to be read from a distance of 15 metres (50 feet) is also required.

FLASHING LIGHTS The use of flashing or revolving lights on motor vehicles is restricted. A flashing red light visible from the front may only be used on:

A flashing/revolving/strobe AMBER light visible from any direction may only be used on:

In addition, flashing amber lights may be used on:

CLEARANCE LAMPS AND REFLECTORS Every vehicle other than a standard passenger motor vehicle having a width in excess of two metres (80 inches) must have: • on the front, two amber clearance lamps, one at each side; • on the rear and as high as practical, two red clearance lamps, one at each side, visible for 150 metres (500 feet); • in the centre, three indicator lamps; • on each side, two amber reflectors, one at or near the front and one at or near the midpoint; and • at the rear, a red marker light.

STOP LIGHTS All motor vehicles required to be registered must be equipped with two “stop” lights. These must give a red signal to the rear of the vehicle that is plainly visible in normal sunlight from a distance of 150 metres (500 feet). They must light up when the brakes are applied. They may or may not be the same as the signal lamp unit.

SIGNAL LIGHTS When a vehicle is equipped with signal lights to signal the driver’s intention to turn, the signal lights must give an amber or yellow signal to the front and a red or an amber signal to the rear, on or toward the side of the vehicle in the direction in which the turn is to be made. A signal must not project a glaring or dazzling light. Electric turn indicators must show a flashing light to indicate a turn and must have a device within the driver’s vision to indicate to the driver that the turn indicators are working.

PARKING LIGHTS Whenever a vehicle is stopped or parked along the right side of the highway during the times when lights are required, the vehicle must display its parking lights, which are two amber lights visible from the front of Chapter 1: Required Vehicle Equipment

the vehicle and two red lights visible to the rear of the vehicle from a distance of 150 metres (500 feet). If the stopped vehicle presents a temporary hazard to other traffic, its flashing hazard lights should be displayed.

BRAKES Every motor vehicle including a motorcycle must be equipped with adequate brakes, having two separate means of application. Parking/emergency brakes must be kept in effective working order.

HORN Every motor vehicle must be equipped with a horn in good working order capable of being heard at a distance of 60 metres (200 feet). Sound your horn whenever it is reasonably necessary to do so and when passing another vehicle. It is an offence to use a bell, siren, compression or exhaust whistle on a private vehicle or to use the approved horn when unnecessary. MIRROR Every motor vehicle must be equipped with a mirror that reflects to the driver a view of the highway for at least 60 metres (200 feet) behind the vehicle. An outside rear-view mirror on both sides of a motor vehicle is required when the view to the rear is obstructed by a trailer being towed or by the load of the vehicle.

WINDSHIELDS AND WINDOWS Every motor vehicle operated on a highway, except a motorcycle, construction equipment or farm equipment, must be equipped with a windshield. Windshields and windows must be kept clear of all non-transparent material other than stickers or devices required or permitted to be displayed by the Highway Traffic Act and its Regulations. The glass in the windshield or any window must not be broken, shattered or otherwise damaged or discoloured, Chapter 1: Required Vehicle Equipment

and must be kept completely clear of snow, ice, dirt or other matter that obstructs the driver’s vision.

TINTED GLASS OR WINDOW GLAZING It is illegal to apply or operate a motor vehicle with aftermarket vehicle glass darkening material to the windshield and the front side windows. It is permitted on the rear side windows and the rear window, if you have two side mirrors.

WINDSHIELD WIPERS Every motor vehicle other than a motorcycle or farm tractor must be equipped with a device for cleaning rain, snow or moisture from the driver’s and passenger’s side of the windshield. The driver must be able to control and operate the windshield wipers. The wipers must be kept in good working order. ORNAMENTS Ornaments and decorations, either inside or outside of the vehicle, must be located so that they do not obstruct the vision or distract the attention of the driver.

FLAG OR LIGHT AT END OF LOAD Whenever the load of any motor vehicle extends more than 1.2 metres (four feet) beyond the rear of the body, a red flag not less than 0.3 metres (12 inches) in length and width must be displayed during daylight hours. A red light which is plainly visible for 150 metres (500 feet) must be displayed during hours of darkness.

SLOW-MOVING VEHICLE SIGN Any motor vehicle not capable of maintaining a rate of speed in excess of 40 km/hr (25 mph) under normal conditions and every farm tractor must display a slow- moving vehicle sign at the rear.

Chapter 1: Required Vehicle Equipment

MUFFLER No person may drive a motor vehicle on a highway unless the vehicle is equipped with a muffler in good working order so as to prevent excessive or unusual noise. The use of a muffler cut-out bypass, straight exhaust, gutted muffler, Hollywood muffler or similar device is prohibited. In addition, the engine of any vehicle may not emit excessive smoke or fumes.

SPEEDOMETER, BUMPERS, SAFETY GLASS, TIRES Motor vehicles must be equipped with:

A commercial vehicle of 2.05 metres (80 inches) or more in width, a passenger bus with a seating capacity of eight or more, and a motor vehicle towing a travel trailer must be equipped with at least three flares or three red electric lanterns, each of which is capable of being seen at a distance of 150 metres (500 feet) under normal nighttime conditions.

A truck tractor or vehicle carrying flammable liquids in bulk or compressed flammable gases must be equipped with at least three red electric lanterns. Chapter 1: Required Vehicle Equipment

When any vehicle becomes disabled on the travelled portion of any highway or shoulder at any time when lighted lamps are required on vehicles, its driver must display three lighted lanterns or flares, one at a distance of 30 metres (100 feet) to the rear of the vehicle, one at a distance of 30 metres (100 feet) to the front of the vehicle and one on the traffic side of the vehicle approximately three metres (10 feet) rearward or forward. During daytime hours these vehicles are required to display two red flags on the roadway in the lane of traffic it occupies at distances of 30 metres (100 feet) to the front and the rear of the vehicle. Flares should be displayed in poor weather conditions or when the vehicle has to be stopped where oncoming drivers cannot easily see it.

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS Every commercial vehicle transporting any explosives as cargo must be equipped with not less than two fire extinguishers, filled and ready for use. Every school bus must be equipped with at least one fire extinguisher, filled and ready for use.

WIDTH, HEIGHT AND LENGTH OF VEHICLE No vehicle may exceed a total outside width, including loads, of 2.6 metres (102 inches), or a height of 4.15 metres (14 feet, six inches) without a special permit. A single motor vehicle may not exceed a length of 12.5 metres (40 feet), and a combination of vehicles coupled together may not exceed a total length of 25 metres (81 feet) without a special permit.

TRANSPORTATION OF DANGEROUS GOODS Only qualified people may transport dangerous goods. It is illegal to transport these materials in your vehicle. Always make sure that you know the law and follow all safety precautions when hauling these types of materials.

Chapter 1: Transportation of Dangerous Goods

Class 1 Explosives

Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides Class 2.1 Compressed Gas Class 2.2 Non-flammable Non-toxic

6.1 Poisonous Substances Radioactive Class 3 Flammable Liquids Class 4 Flammable Solids and Spontaneous Combustion

SAVE ENERGY, SAVE MONEY You can control the costs of operating a vehicle and minimize the emissions it produces by making a commitment to drive less and to drive more efficiently. The following tips can improve your fuel efficiency by helping you drive the Auto$mart way. Under-inflated tires wear faster, waste fuel and are unsafe.

Maintain your vehicle. Give your car a full tune-up, including an oil and oil filter change. Oil breaks down under use and won’t lubricate, cool or protect as well. A poorly tuned engine increases fuel consumption. And a well-tuned engine minimizes engine wear. Using an air conditioner in stop-and-go traffic can increase fuel consumption by as much as 20 per cent. To stay cool at highway speeds, use your car’s flow-through ventilation. Open windows can be a fuel-saving alternative to air conditioning at low city speeds; however, at highway speeds open windows increase drag and heighten fuel consumption. Measure the inflation pressure of your tires at least once a month when the tires are cold (i.e., when your vehicle has not been driven for at least three hours or when it has been driven for less than two kilometres). Warm tires give an inaccurate reading because heat buildup increases tire pressure during use. Idling consumes fuel. Ten seconds of idling can use up more fuel than restarting the engine. Turn off the ignition if you are waiting for someone.

A full roof rack can increase fuel consumption. Even the most streamlined roof rack will increase fuel consumption. If the carrier is not permanently affixed to your automobile, remove it when it’s not needed. Chapter 1: Help Protect the Environment

Cruise control allows you to set the car’s cruising speed and take your foot off the gas pedal. By maintaining a constant speed on long trips, your cruise control feature will reduce fuel consumption, provided the terrain is relatively flat.

Drive the posted speed limit. Increasing your speed from 100 km/h to 120 km/h will increase fuel consumption by about 20%.

Avoid “flooring” your gas pedal from a dead stop. You’ll consume about 37% more fuel during a “jackrabbit” start than if you pull away gradually.

Visit vehicles.gc.ca to get more information on how to buy, drive and maintain your vehicle to save energy and money, as well as protect the environment.

Chapter 1: Help Protect the Environment

WINTER TIPS FOR DRIVERS – DRIVING HABITS Winter weather can increase your vehicle’s fuel consumption by as much as 50%. Canadian drivers that adopt these simple-to-do winter driving tips highlighted below can save money, fuel, help protect the environment, and improve road safety by winterizing their vehicles.

To learn more visit: www.vehicles.gc.ca

Remote car starters result in unnecessary idling and wasted fuel. Remote car starters may seem like a convenient accessory however there are many hidden costs associated with their regular use. People with remote car starters tend to start their cars long before they are ready to drive, which needlessly burns fuel. Since car starters are significantly less effective than block heaters in warming up your engine, cars equipped with car starters will be more likely to develop buildups of harmful sludge and deposits in their engines and engine components from improperly combusted fuel. Regular use of remote car starters is also not an environmentally friendly practice as they needlessly contribute to harmful greenhouse gas emissions, which feed climate change.

Save fuel and save money by using a timed block heater. Use an automatic timer to switch on the block heater two hours before you plan to drive your vehicle. A block heater enables the vehicle’s engine to start more easily and reach its peak operating temperature faster. In below-zero temperatures, block heaters can improve overall fuel economy by as much as 10% or more.

Prevent fogging. The sooner you can clear your windows the sooner you can get on the road. Waiting for your windows to defog is frustrating when you are Chapter 1: Help Protect the Environment

in a hurry to go. There are two simple tricks to prevent your car windows from fogging up. One is to open a window as soon as you enter the vehicle. The second is to clear all the snow from the air intake on top of the hood. Otherwise, the defroster will draw moisture into the system and fog the windshield, which will delay you from getting on the road.

Clear away snow and ice. Fuel consumption increases as snow and ice build up on and around the vehicle you’re driving. Everyone knows that driving with extra weight in your vehicle makes your engine work harder and increases fuel consumption. As snow and ice build in wheel wells and under bumpers, it adds weight and rubs against tires, further increasing rolling resistance. Snow piled on top of the vehicle increases aerodynamic drag as well as vehicle weight. For safety as well as fuel economy, clear all the snow and ice off your vehicle before you drive away. Combine your stops. The fewer stops you make the better. Did you know that a vehicle operating with a cold engine consumes 50% more fuel, until it warms up many minutes later, compared to a vehicle operating with a warm engine? By combining your errands you not only save fuel by reducing your travel but also ensure that your engine reaches its optimal operating temperature – and stays that way. Combining your trips minimizes your fuel consumption and emissions.

Plan your trip. Trip planning is particularly important in the winter. The less time you spend driving the less fuel your vehicle will consume. Carefully planning your trip before you head out on the road will help ensure that you spend less time on the road and more time doing things you enjoy. Plan your route to avoid obstacles such as unplowed roads, hills and multiple traffic lights. In many cases it is more fuel-efficient Chapter 1: Help Protect the Environment

to take a slightly longer route if it is relatively free of many traffic obstacles, which can slow you down. When parking, try to park your vehicle downhill; and if possible, try to park your vehicle in sheltered areas, i.e., on the side of a building sheltered by the wind. These simple tricks will help to ensure that it will be easier to pull away from the parking spot.

Drive efficiently. Excessive acceleration and braking dramatically increases fuel consumption. Drivers can save fuel by driving at a smooth, even speed and by anticipating lane changes and traffic obstructions. Winter conditions make slowing down and stopping more difficult. Drivers should be aware that winter road conditions, such as wet, icy or snow covered roads, increase braking distance. By increasing your following distance between you and the vehicle in front you will allow yourself more response time which will help to save fuel and to make winter driving easier on yourself and other drivers on the roadways.

Take it easy. Give yourself more time to get from A to B in the winter. More thought and care are required for driving in the winter season. The faster and more aggressively you drive in the winter the more your vehicle slips and slides and spins its wheels. Not only will these actions use more fuel, but also you will be at a higher risk of being involved in a serious collision.

Ski racks. Ski racks are a drag when not in use. Avid skiers know well enough that drag affects aerodynamics. Therefore, you should remove your ski racks when not heading to the slopes. The drag caused by mounted ski racks increases fuel consumption, so consider using removable ski racks that you can easily remove from your vehicle when not needed.

Chapter 1: Help Protect the Environment

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Driver Responsibility and Rules of the Road